This article is brought to you for free and open access by the faculty scholarship at bucknell digital commons. Never use fine to describe how a woman looks this will cause you to have one of those arguments. Different types of verbal and written humor quizlet. Verbal humor uses the sounds of words together, play on wordssuch as puns, our knowledge of words, and our expectations in conversations. Recent fmri studies of verbal humor examined the neural correlates of particular humor structures i. Humor and psychology, page 1 humor and psychology pre 2006 prepared in mla style by don nilsen english, arizona state university for the international society for humor studies aarstad, h.
The general theory of verbal humor, twenty years after. One way parody is done is by creating a real person in society, and making an immitation of him. Different types of verbal and written humor flashcards. Humor studies provide theoretical frameworks invaluable to the analysis of comedy. At the end he stuffs all the various approaches to verbal humor into linguistic theory as a whole. Start studying different types of verbal and written humor. A humorous necktie or scarf pingives people who interact with youthe gift of a smile. Over the past decade, many studies have emerged utilizing fmri studies to describe the neural correlates associated with how a human processes something that is considered funny. Pdf toward an empirical verification of the general theory. As a result, veatch study is an attempt to include all valid insights in one theory. It is equivalent to the five minutes that your football game is going to last before you take out the trash, so its an even trade. Little audrey is involved in some terrible catastrophe but always finds some humor in every situation. Oct 01, 2009 types of verbal humor by ana paula lopes slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
Subjects are presented with three sets of jokes, each consisting of an anchor joke and comparison jokes in which variations in one and only one. The foregoing discussion was intended to provide the tools for dissecting and analyzing any specimen of humour. Application of the general theory of verbal humor to. The linguistic interest of verbal humor the linguistic interest of verbal humor we attempt to vindicate the claim that an investigation of verbal humor brings to light aspects of language that have either been completely overlooked by or have only recently come to the attention oflinguists and philosophers of language. A third main theory of humor is now known as the relief theory. A fourth type of theory, which takes the central feature of humor to be ambivalence, a mingling of attraction and repulsion, is of minor importance.
They have been widely accepted as thorough formal accounts of the mechanisms driving jokes, and have served as jumping off points for much contemporary linguistic work done on humor. Types of verbal humor by ana paula lopes slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Humor theory little audrey jokes emerged 1930s basic format. Cognitive humor processing refers to the neural circuitry and pathways that are involved in detecting incongruities of various situations presented in a humorous manner. In this paper, verbal humor will be mainly discussed. They tied her to a tree and started their pot to boiling.
The general theory of verbal humor the routledge handbook of. Three theories of nonverbal communication essay 1231. What is the abbreviation for general theory of verbal humor. A fourth type of theory, which takes the central feature of humor to be ambivalence, a mingling of. Interactional features of the joke performance, along with pantomime, gestures, voice shifts, and so on, require modes of description. Its expansion, to incorporate a broader gamut of information, is known as the general theory of verbal humor. Read, highlight, and take notes, across web, tablet, and phone. Surprisingly few of the early theorists recognized humor as a form of play, and it was not until 1936 that max eastman mentioned it in the literature. Humor theories free download as powerpoint presentation. You may be familiar with some of these word plays and perhaps, use them yourself in your everyday conversations or speech writing but wait, theres more. Toward an empirical verif ication of the general theory of verbal. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Visual humor involves the use of images as seen in cartoons and in the physical a.
Humor theories and the physiological benefits of laughter. In 2004, a nobel prize was awarded for the discovery that the olfactory system recognizes smells by recognizing a combinatorial code in the firing combinations of its smell receptors. Situational humor is situationoriented, such as monkeys mimic human beings behavior, and little babies learn to walk. Both of their awkward and vivid postures are situational humor. Verbal humor refers to textoriented humor, both written and spoken. However, both types of study share a common focus, namely, that much of the linguistic humor that appears in traditional riddles and jokes is based on ambiguity, that is, on a word. We see, then, that though humor can occur in isolation, it is, as is most play, a social phenomenona way of connecting with friends and a. Academics in general theory of verbal humor academia. Interactional features of the joke performance, along with pantomime, gestures, voice shifts, and so on, require modes of description separate from the verbally oriented. The procedure is to determine the nature of the two or more frames of reference whose collision gives rise to the comic effectto discover the type of logic or rules of the game that govern each.
Victor raskins scriptbased theory of jokes ssth in his semantic mechanisms of humor. You may be familiar with some of these word plays and perhaps, use them yourself in your everyday conversations or speech writing. Some of these counterexamples might miss their mark if the superiority theory is meant to capture only cases of humorous laughter, but this is surely a mistaken. Contemporary linguistic theories of humour arvo krikmann abstract. Submitted by darcy fine this is the word women use to end an argument when they feel they are right and you need to shut up. The general theory of verbal humor gtvh and the semanticscript theory of humor ssth have been defined as the two most influential. Yet, on the other hand, all the pathos of his book is directed against. It is not always a person, it can be an idea or abstract as well.
You can add humor and positively affectthe workplace environment without saying a word. The present study derives hypotheses from the general theory of verbal humor gtvh and tests them on a sample of 534 subjects. From wikibooks, open books for an open world of humor and many specific jokes. Sep 23, 2004 non verbal humor and joke performance non verbal humor and joke performance 20040923 00. A theory of humor does the brain contain separate functional regions. The general theory of verbal humor gtvh was proposed by victor raskin and salvatore attardo in the article script theory. This is what aristophanes does with socrates in his play. Speaking a language is an activity governed by mies and conventions. General theory of verbal humor how is general theory of.
Varying types of verbal humor are used liberally by comedy writers to spice their work. Aug 29, 2009 there has been much written on the subject of verbal and non verbal communication. There has been much written on the subject of verbal and nonverbal communication. Imagine the existence of such brain regions with the ability to learn, remember, recognize, and transmit information about specific functions. Non verbal humor and joke performance article pdf available in humor international journal of humor research 174. This paper presents a theory of humor, that certain psychological state which tends to produce laughter. Toward an empirical verification of the general theory of. This is a research into the concept of humor as it manifests itself in linguistic activities, that more often than not also appear in writing such as puns and jokes. We see, then, that though humor can occur in isolation, it is, as is most play, a social phenomenona way of connecting with friends and a way of understanding the world around us. The most widely adopted one, the semanticscript theory of humor, was presented by victor raskin, in 1985. Attardo was professor of linguistics at youngstown state university from 1992 to 2007. There are many theories of humor which attempt to explain what humor is, what social functions.
The theory states that humor is fully characterized by three conditions, each of which, separately, is necessary for humor to occur, and all of which, jointly, are sufficient for humor to occur. One way to do that is by showingyour sense of humor in subtle ways. Other approaches are emerging, especially in cognitive and corpus linguistics. His case was that humor is a form of play, and any theory of humor that does not draw a distinction between playfulness and seriousness would not stand. Psychologists have primarily dealt with linguistic humor as an extension of the study of incongruity and its resolution e. The general theory of verbal humor gtvh was born in 1991, when attardo and raskin carried out a joint based semantic theory of humor attardo 2008. Aspects of verbal humour in english richard alexander. Findings from these studies have important implications for nurse practitioners working in.
The general theory of verbal humor and appropriate incongruity article in humor international journal of humor research 242 may 2011 with 969 reads how we measure reads. The entropy of nonsense words is linked to their funniness, research finds. The present study investigates, from the point of view of translation, the phenomenon of standup comedians performing in more than one language, with a specific focus on english and italian, and on italian comedians performing in london italian, and on italian comedians performing in london. Literary theory and criticism are crucial to the critical evaluation and theorization of any text. He argues that it is virtually impossible to distil one theory of humour, due to the vast amount of theories and approaches, each with their own perspectives and useful insights. Nonverbal humor and joke performance nonverbal humor and joke performance 20040923 00. A relevance theoretic analysis of verbal humor in the big. Pdf the present study derives hypotheses from the general theory of verbal humor gtvh and tests them on a sample of 534 subjects. The psychology of humor chapter 3 reading notes jim. Toward an empirical verification of the general theory of verbal humor. The script semantic theory of humor ssth and the general theory of verbal humor gtvh are two of the most influential linguistic theories of humor. Gtvh abbreviation stands for general theory of verbal humor.
A vast majority of speakers and training companies often misuse research by dr albert mehrabian who statistics have been massaged to provide us. Linguistic humor includes word play, page 1 linguistic humor includes slang, wit, and wordplay prepared by don nilsen english, arizona state university and the international society for humor studies aarts, bas, david denison, evelien keizer, and georgia popova, eds. Victor raskinmahadev apte, moutonde gruyter, be rlinn. Humour and the art of nonverbal communication pro humorist. In the following, a general research history of humor and an introduction of the big bang theory will be given respectively. General theory of verbal humor research papers academia. So this english professor comes into class and starts talking about the textual organization of jokes, the taxonomy of puns, the relations between the linguistic form and the content of humorous texts, and other past and current topics in language based research into humor. This paper will analyze the verbal humor in one of the recently popular sitcom the big bang theory cognitively within the framework of the relevance theory. Three theories of nonverbal communication essay 1231 words.
The gtvh is a semanticpragmatic joke representation theory, which proposes that all jokes production must draw from 6 interdependent. Gtvh is defined as general theory of verbal humor text analysis somewhat frequently. Monros theories of humor michigan state university. The proposed directed study joins literary criticism, humor studies, and existing standup scholarship for the purposes of analyzing standup comedy as text. View general theory of verbal humor research papers on academia. They propose the theory that humor evolved because it strengthens the ability of the brain to find mistakes in active belief structures, that is, to detect mistaken reasoning. Parody is a form of verbal humor that involves imitation of the real thing, often mocking its own venue, for comical effect.
Raskins theory of verbal humor an important, recent, successful, and closely related theory is raskins 1985 linguisticsemantic theory of verbal humor. L inguistic t heories of h umor, humor research 1, editors. How is general theory of verbal humor text analysis abbreviated. All or virtually all humorous situations involve the equivalent of a setup which can be considered a type of establishing operation and a punch line or trigger, by which we mean auditory or visual stimuli that supplement an individuals recent history in a specific ways. Communication theorynonverbal communication wikibooks.
Three theories of nonverbal communication essay 1231 words 5 pages systematic research on the role of nonverbal behavior in social interaction has been common only in the past 20 to 25 years. Futhermore, we present the general theory of verbal humor proposed by attardo that it will be taken in our analysis. Humor in the workplace does not always need to be spoken. Linguistic aspects of verbal humor in standup comedy. Apr 01, 2004 or many other verbal jokes, like bob hopes comic riff on being born in england. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. It has been accepted for inclusion in faculty journal articles by an authorized administrator of bucknell digital. Jokes that are not aggressive that is, that do not ridicule someone or something have an empty value for the ta. An approach to verbal humor in interaction sciencedirect.
Later that year he received a phd in english from purdue university, with a specialization in linguistics and a dissertation on the linguistics of humor, which was published in 1994 as his first book, linguistic theories of humor. Gtvh stands for general theory of verbal humor text analysis. Arthur koestlers bisociation theory of humour and its reception. An extension to the semantic script theory of humor. We draw on findings from empirical studies on laughter to demonstrate that these physiological benefits occur regardless of the theory that is used to explain the humor function. In the initial theory, raskin 1985 proposed an exclusively semantic theory where he stated that humor was based on the opposition of two different semantic scripts. The general theory of verbal humor 125 target ta the target kr selects the butt of the joke. This work has conclusions that are quite close to the present theory. Theories of humor in the wider sense are attempts to solve this problem. I wanted to provide my 2 pence worth on this subject and how it relates to creating funny presentations. Application of the general theory of verbal humor to texts. View academics in general theory of verbal humor on academia.